1500 – 1550

 

Political & Diplomatic

Intellectual & Cultural

Social & Economic

Julius II

Michelangelo

Castiglione

Henry VIII

Star Chamber

Isabella dÕEste

Ivan the Terrible

Christian Humanism

Brothers & Sisters of the Common Life

Charles V

Erasmus

Pluralism

Habsburg – Valois Wars

Thomas More

PeasantsÕ Revolt

Schmalkaldic League

Indulgences

Protestant Work Ethic

Francis I

Leo X

Carnival & Lent

Act of Supremacy

Johan Tetzel

Philip Melancthon

Act of Succession

95 Theses 1517

Angela Merici & Ursuline Nuns

Edward VI

Sola Fide & Scriptura

Magellan

Machiavelli

Sacrament Controversy

Potosi

Concordat of Bologna

Diet of Worms

Columbian Exchange

 

Calvin

 

 

Predestination

 

 

Ulrich Zwingli

 

 

Anabaptist (Catherine Zell)

 

 

Counter Reformation

 

 

Council of Trent 1545--

 

 

Loyola Jesuits

 

 

Copernicus

 

 

De La Casas

 

The Protestant Reformation placed family in the center of social life.  Celibacy was abolished. Women earned limited rights in divorce, and education.  Luther & Calvin  wanted them in the home.  Literacy became important for both boys and girls.  Protestants curbed festivals.  Women patronized the arts.  Working conditions for lower classes largely remained as before.  Most humanists favored  education for women---but never equal.  To a degree the status of women DECLINED during this period since they became pawns in marriage  alliances and were viewed as objects of art.