1800 – 1850

Political & Diplomatic	Intellectual & Cultural	Social & Economic
Continental System	Napoleonic Codes	1832 Reform Bill
Waterloo	Carlsbad Decrees	English Reforms
Congress of Vienna	Concordat of 1801	Manchester
Revolutions of 1830	Ecole Polytechnique	Religious Toleration granted by Napoleon
July Monarchy 1830-48	Lord Byron	Grimm Brothers
Decembrist Revolt	Sir Walter Scott	Thomas Malthus
1820 Greek-Turk Revolt	David Ricardo	Luddites
Congress System	Jeremy Bentham	Hungry ‘40s
1848 Revolutions	Nationalism	Robert Owen
Louis Philippe	Carbonari
Louis Blanc
June Days

The period signifies the rise in interest for Universal Male Suffrage. Socialism increases with belief that capitalism is unjust. Mary Wollstonecraft and John Stuart Mill urged equality for women In the 1830 Flora Tristan fought for women to gain the right to own property. Women became actively involved in literature with noted writers such as George Sand, Germaine de Stael, and Jane Austin. This was an age of increasing social disease such as cholera, typhoid, and dysentery caused by unsanitary living conditions. Life expectancy declined, child labor increased. The use of unskilled labor rose. The work of men was increasingly seen as being outside the home while women worked more domestically---separation of the fields of labor. The police force was created to control violence in the cities (Bobbies)